Effects of Lead on Oxidative Stress Parameters in Bovine Luteal Cells Culture

Lead is a highly toxic and heavy metal that through the induction of oxidative stress could influence all systems, especially the reproductive system in the body. Furthermore, studies revealed that luteum cells, due to their high rate of metabolism, are more susceptible to oxidative stress. In the present study, to evaluate the lead effect on luteal cells, first, the proper concentrations of lead acetate were chosen by MTT staining. Then, five culture plates of corpus luteum cells were ordered into five groups consisting of the control group (without lead acetate), group 1, group 2, group 3, and 4, respectively, with concentrations of 0.005, 0.004 0.002, and 0.001 mM of lead acetate. To assess variations of oxidative stress parameters, values of MDA, GSH and FRAP were measured. The present study results showed that the value of GSH in the group with the concentration of 0.004 mM lead acetate was significantly (P<0.05) more than the control group and groups with 0.001- and 0.002-mM concentrations. Moreover, the value of GSH in the group with 0.005 mM concentration was significantly (P<0.05) more than the group with 0.001 mM concentration and the control group. Value of MDA in the group containing 0.004 mM concentration by significant difference (P<0.05) was more than the group containing 0.001 mm and the control group. In the FRAP test, no significant difference among the control group and other concentrations of lead acetate was observed. Results of the present study suggest that lead acetate with the concentration of 0.004 mM could induce the most damage on the corpus luteum cells and, in return, compared with the other concentrations, has the most effect on activating antioxidant defense mechanisms.